Which component is used to control the flow rate in hydraulic systems?

A valve is the component used to control the flow rate in hydraulic systems. Valves are designed to manage fluid flow by opening, closing, or partially obstructing passages, thereby regulating both the direction and the speed at which fluid travels through the system. By adjusting a valve, an operator can increase or decrease the rate of flow to a hydraulic actuator, such as a cylinder or a motor, which directly influences the speed of movement and the force applied by those actuators.

Other components in a hydraulic system serve different purposes that do not involve directly controlling flow rates. A filter is utilized to remove contaminants from the fluid to protect components from damage. A reservoir stores hydraulic fluid, ensuring a supply for the system's operation but not regulating flow rate itself. A pump is responsible for generating hydraulic pressure and moving fluid through the system but does not control the rate at which the fluid flows. Therefore, the role of flow control is specifically fulfilled by valves within a hydraulic system.